anders



H R. ANDERS 61 M. E. U, SCHOEDLER.

BLEACHING PROCESS. APPUCAHON FILED MAR. 30, IQIZ.

lzltvmml Aug. 22,1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEEI 1.

I N V EN TORS H. R. ANDERS 64 M. E. U. SCHOEDLER.

BLEACHING PROCESS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30. 1912.

1,195,325}. Patented Aug. 22,1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES r [N VEN T0186 H. R. ANDERS & M. E. U. SCHOEDLER.

BLEACHING PRoczss. APPLICATIION FILEDMAR. 30, I912.

Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

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HANNS R. ANDERS' AND MAXIMILIAN E. U. SCHOEDLER, OF PERTH AMBOY, NEW

JERSEY, ASSIGNORS TO THE ROESSLER & HASSLACHER CHEMICAL 00., OF NEW I YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF YORK.

BLEAGHING PROCESS.

Specification of'Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

Application file d March 30,1912. Serial n. 687,426.

following to be a full, -clear, and exact de-' scription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which. it appertains to make and use the same.

' Our invention relates to new and useful improvements in methods of bleaching and mo e particularly to that class adapted to be used in connection with bleaching agents, such as peroxids or persalts, in aqueous solution, from which agents oxygen may be easily obtained in statu. nascendc' in which state it has its greatest bleaching effect.

The apparatus which We use 1n carrying out our method is also adapted to be used for dyeing, scouring, washing and rinsing pur oses. This apparatus is described and claimed in a divisional application of this present one.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for a most economical utilization of the applied bleaching materials.

Other objects and advantageswill hereinafter be referred to and more particularly pointed out in the specification and claims.

In the accompanyin drawings, which illustrate one way of carrying out the invention, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view on line A, A of Fig. 2, of an apparatus in operative position; Fig. 2 is a top view of the same, parts being broken away or removed. Figs. 3. to 7 are diagrammatic views illustrating certain steps in the use of the apparatus. Fig. 8 is a-top view of the container of the bleaching vat removed from the vat and Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view of the same.

Similar numerals of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views.

The apparatus as shown comprises three main parts, a mixing vat 1, a pump 2 and a bleaching vat 3. A system of pipes and other minor appurtenances complete the apparatus. In the drawings we have shown the mixing vat 1 as being cylindrical in shape. .It 1s preferably constructed of wood. We have shown the pump 2 as being of the centrifugal type.

(not shown) of the coil are preferably placed close to each other to allow easy' handling. The cover 5 shown in Fig. 2 as being partly broken away, is of su'ificiently strong construction to carry a stirring apparatus, preferably in the f rm of a propeller 6, shown as mounted-on a support 7 on a base 8 carried by cover 5. -The propeller 6 is shown as inclined toward the bottom of the vat as is obvious from the drawing.

An advantageous feature in connection with this form of stirring apparatus consists in the means for preventing even the least traces of lubricating oil from entering the vat, as any drop of oil, falling from the lower arm of support 7 is caught in a groove 9 in base 8 directly below the support, and may be drained off.

The vatis emptied through a side outlet 10, and the bottom of the vat may if desired be slightly sloped toward this outlet to facilitate emptying. It has also been found advantageous to provide mixing vat 1 with a perforated false bottom 11, preferably made of wood, suitably supported above the lead coil 4.

A pipe 12 extends from the lower portion of vat 1 and connects the same with bleaching vat 3 through the means hereinafter de-- scribed; another pipe 13, preferably parallel .to pipe 12, connects the upper parts of vat 1 and vat 3 as hereinafter described. Pipes 12 and 13 are connected by a pipe 14 and another pipe 15 extends from pipe.12,

joining pipe 13, and forming a connection to vat 3 near its top where it branches off into two arms 16 and 17. Centrifugal pump 2 serves for moving the liquids within the apparatus and is therefore connected with the above mentioned pipesystem by means of short joint-pipes 18 and 19 respectively, and, by means of three-way stop cocks 20, 21, 22 and 23 and plain cocks 24 and 25, the path of the liquid may be controlled very conveniently to divert the same in various directions. By means of cock 23 the exhausted bleaching, dyeing, scouring, or washing liquor, etc., may be run off. The upper part of pipe is provided with heat ing means, such as a coil 26, to control the temperature of the liquor while passing through the pipe system during the operation of the apparatus; this coil may be made from some material suitable forthe purpose of the machine, such as lead or copper.

The bleaching vat 3. comprises a wooden shell 27 and a container 28, the latter carrying the goods to be bleached.

The wooden shell 27 is substantially in the form of an oblong box set up on one short end; for reasons which will be'more' fully explained below, it has a sloping bottom 29. A rectangular frame 30 rests on the sloping bottom 29 and around the inside I with rim 31 forms an opening over which container 28 is slipped thus forcing all the bleaching vat, to pass through the container.

The corner-posts 34, forming the mainopening is provided with a rim 31.

An opening 32 in the bottom portion of vat 3, here shown as extending through one side of frame 30, serves as an inlet or outlet for the bleaching, dyeing, scouring, washing or rinsing li nor from the pipe system to the lower part of the bleaching vat or vice versa. Openings 33 and 33 are provided near the top of shell 27 at the front and rear sides thereof to furnish a passage-way for the liquor conducted through the branches 16 and 17 of pipe 15 to said vat 3, the liquor entering the vat at about the level of the top of container 28.

The container 28 is in the form of a wooden box of such dimensions as to slide loosely into the vat. Container 28 is held in position by the support afforded by frame 30 resting on the sloping bottom 29, container 28 resting over rim 31, as shown in Fig. 1. It is obvious that frame 30 in connection liquor. from whatever side it may enter the parts of the frame-work of the container 28', reach just up to the brim of the bleaching vat whereas the walls of the container reach only toabout'six inches below said brim;-

suitable cross pieces 35 are attached in any convenient manner to these corner posts to serve as a brace when the container is set in or taken out by means of a hoisting device.

Two of the opposite side-walls of the container arehinged to the container and when the latter is removed from the vat, said walls may swing like doors, but they do so in different directions as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the front wall, for instance, being hinged at the upper short side and swinging upwardly and the rear wall being hinged at the right hand long side and swinging backW-ardly to the right. By means of this arrangement the container may be emptied in a most container, remote from the venient way. Ledges 36, (Figs. 1 and 2) are shown as extending downward on the bleached more readily and thoroughly than those more remote from the same. The goods are sometlmes laid crosswise, to overcome, at least to some extent, thisgreat defect, in bleaching apparatus as used at the present time, but this method gives only a partial effect which must be made up by continuing the bleaching process for aconsiderablylonger time than when the goods are laid loosely in rows and if finally the goods are evenly bleached the goods adjoining the channels through the goods laid crosswise are then very often seriously weakened in texture by over-oxidation, i. e. in case of an oxidizing bleaching process. All these defects are avoided by carrying out the bleaching process according to our method as carried out in our apparatus both of which are adjusted to take the best advanta e of the many subtle properties of the bleaching materials. It is to a great extent our new method of charging the container to which many merits of our invention must be attributed.

The operation of our method in connection with the apparatus described, is substantially as follows: The bleaching liquid is prepared in mixing vat 1 and in the meantime thebleaching vat 3' is made ready for its part inthe process. The container 28 is hoisted out of the bleaching vat and while it is arranged to stand upright during the bleaching process proper, the success of the latter is based on certain advantages obtained only when the container is filled with the goods when lying in a horizontal position. The skeins of yarn are put on the yarn sticks and'there should preferably be as many skeins on each stick as is sufficient to fill the entire width of the container; precaution shouldbe taken that the yarn neither hangs so loosely as to allow any interstices, nor should it be too densely crowded so as to be submitted to even inconsiderable presformed on the side walls of the container, parallel to the bottom 39 of the container, which, for the reason that the liquor must pass through this bottom should also be perforated; it is convenient therefore to use a like stationary trellis for the bottom of the container, said trellis being substantially at right angles to the sidewalls of the conof the column, so that liquids can scarcely pass therethrough unless they are forced through by a powerful pump. When filling the container in a horizontal position the goods are preferably packed into the single compartments in a sufficiently loose condi-' tion so that no interstices are formed,.the

goods standing vertically to the trellises or parallel thereto as the case maybe, thus guaranteeing an even flow of the bleaching liquor. It has been ascertained that the best results in the bleaching process are obtained if about six sticks constitute one block and each block be separated by a trellis from the next following block. It is to be understood, of course, that there cannot be a positively fixed rule about this, and although it is best to adhere to the practice pointed out above, as closely as possible, different kindsof yarns may be simultaneously treated requiring a deviation from the-general course.

In bleaching raw stock or small fabric in this apparatus a similar 'course is followed, inasmuch as first a trellis is set in parallel to the stationary bottom trellis, at such a distance from the same as toform a compartment of such dimensions as to hold a block of goods of reasonable volume in view of the spirit of our invention; said block is then separated from the adjoining one by a trellis, to be followed alternately by like layers of goods and trellises, until the con- 1 tainer is properly charged with the goods.

Yarn and raw stock or small fabric may simultaneously be bleached by this method as the situation may require.

Of all the goods which are subjected to 1 the bleaching process, yarns constitute a.

very considerable part and it is in their treatment where an essential feature of our new methodcomes in. -When the container isfilled' in the horizontal position the yarn I hangs loosely down vertically and is held firmly by the trellises which are alternately inserted; but when the container is then brought into the vertical position the yarn lies horizontally and is kept in this horizontal position by the trellises, all through the bleaching process. By our method we practically prevent the yarn from floating, contrary to all other bleaching processes, thereby avoiding the knotting of the threads of the skeins. Anyone skilled in the art will see that these latter'advantages render our method of bleaching very much different from and far superior to any other heretofore known; there are, however, some further points which make for the better and trellises and since the skeins are put in without exerting any. force, it is obvious that the resistance offered to the liquor by the goods is bound to be the same all over, and that therefore no chances for the formation of channels are given', thus evenly exposing all the goods to the bleaching action of the liquor with the most desirable result.

Our new bleaching apparatus is especially adapted to carry out the process with the view of getting a final product conforming in every way with the demand for an even quality of the finished goods. It is therefore a great defect in the bleaching apparatus heretofore used, that the bleaching liquor passing through the apparatus does so exclu sively in one direction. In constructing our apparatus special stress is laid on establishing a reliable arrangement to overcome this handicap, and by means of the pipe system with the various cocks connecting vats 1 and 3 as well as pump 2, the greatest facilities are provided to permit or cause'the liquor to move and pass in any possible direction whatsoever. It is obvious that the many possible changes permit the bringing about of a more effective saturation of the goods by the liquor, resulting thereby in a more thorough and even bleach. This effect is furthermore greatly facilitated by inserting the coil26 or other suitable heating system in the pipe 15, thus heating the liquor more conveniently and suitably than may be done in the bleaching vat itself, where the heating action is more or less local, whereas, in passing through pipe 15 all the liquor vmay be heated to just such particular tem that our method of bleaching as effected in the apparatus described may be equally well adapted forthe purpose of dyeing and we do not restrict ourselves to the practice of [the process for the pur ose described,

' further than the scope 0 1 the appended cla ms demand. Where We use the word ble'aching in the claims we mean to also include dyeing, cleaning, scouring, washing and rinsing as Well.

We do not restrict ourselves tothe exact details of the method as above described further than the scope of the appended claims demand.

What we claim and desire to secure by "Letters Patent is:

1. In a process of bleaching. goods by :means of bleaching liquors, arranging the.

container in a horizontal position, filling the goods into the same, separating the goods, into groups, separately supporting each group against vertical displacement when. the container is brought into an upright po-' sition, bringing said container into an upright-posltion, inserting said container into the vat, pumping the bleaching liquorsf through the goods first in one direction, then reversing the direction of the bleaching liquors and finally finishing the goods as desired.

2. In a process of bleaching goods by means of bleaching liquors, arranging the container in a horizontal position, filling the goods into the same, separating the goods into groups, separately sup-porting each I group against vertical displacement when the container is brought into an upright position, bringing said container into an upright position, inserting said container into the vat, pumping the bleaching liquors through the goods first in one direction, then reversing the direction of the bleaching liquors, maintaining the alternate reversing of the direction of the bleaching liquors until the desired result is obtained, and finally finishing the goods as desired.

3. In a process of bleaching goods by means of bleaching liquors, arranging the container in a horizontal position, filling the entire width and depth of the container with the goods, separating the goods into groups,

separately supporting each group against vertical displacement when the container is brought into an upright position,'bringing said container into an upright position, inserting said contalner into the vat, pumping the bleaching liquors through the goods and finally finishing the goods as desired.

4. In a process of bleaching goods by means of bleaching liquors, arranging the container in a horizontal position, filling the entire Width and depth of the container with the goods, separating the goods into groups,

separately supporting, each group against vertical displacement when the container is the bleaching liquors until the desired result is obtained, and finally finishing the goods as desired.

5. In a process of bleaching goods by means of bleaching liquors, arranging the container in a horizontal position, filling the entire width and. depth of the container with the goods in skeins, confining limited amounts of goods in adjacent blocks, bringing the container into an upright position, inserting said container into the vat, pumping the bleaching liquors through the goods first in one direction,'then reversing the dithe alternate reversing of the direction of sult is obtained, and finally finishing the goods as desired.

6. In a process of bleaching yarn by means of bleaching liquors, arranging the container in a horizontal position, putting the yarn in skein on sticks, filling the entire width and depth of the container with said yarn, confining limited amounts of yarn in adjacent blocks, inserting said container into the vat, keeping the skeins of yarn in a horizontal position during the entire operation, pumping. the bleaching liquors through the goods first in one direction, then reversing the direction of said bleaching liquors, maintaining the alternate reversing of the direction of the bleaching liquors until the desired result is obtained, and finishing the yarn as desired.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HANNS R. ANDERS.

MAXIMILIAN E- U. SCHOEDLER- Witnesses:

ARTHUR L. GARDNER,

O'r'ro K. ZWINGENBERGER.

. rection of the bleaching liquors, maintaining 

